北京市中国人民大学附属中学2022届高三英语三模试题（Word版附答案）

2022届高三适应性练习英语说明：本试卷共44道题，共100分；考试时间90分钟；请在答题卡上填写个人信息。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并将答案提交到对应问卷链接。Iwasthefoolatschool,regardedasaspecialneedsstudent.Iwastermedassuch.Overtime,Istartedtobelieveinmystupidity.IacceptedthefactthatIwasinspecialneedsclassesandpoureditoutasangeranddepression.Butoneactivity____1____thisviewofmyself:chess.IstartedtoplaychesswithmyfatherafterschoolsimplybecauseIwantedto____2____himatsomething.Myfatherwasasmartman.So,winninginchessagainstmyfatherwouldbea____3____thatIhadintellectualpower.Onthesmallchessboard,Ihadachancetoovercomemyso-calledinability.Gameaftergame,oneweekend,Ifinallycheckmatedmyfatheronaferryride,whichmademefeel____4____.Twoyearslater,Ijoinedmyschoolchessteam.Therecameachancetoplayagainstthebestplayersinotherstates.Mymost____5____gamecameinthefinalround.Itwasactuallyamatchbetweenaspecialneedsstudentandasmartsoul.Myopponentwasplayingwellandkept____6____whileIkeptdefendingtokeepmykingsafe.Withlittle____7____left,hestartedtomakerapidmoves.____8____hecouldmakethefinaldecision,heranoutoftime.Honestly,ashisclockflagfell,Ijumpedupoutofmyseatandkissedtheflooroutofexcitement.Ofcourseitwasnotthemostsportsmen-like____9____,butIcouldnotcontrolmyemotions.Whileholdingmywinner’scup,IknewIwasnot____10____.Theinferioritycomplexhadmeltedaway,andIrealizedthatunderneathourthoughts,eachpersonisagenius.1.A.changedB.supportedC.questionedD.showed2.A.pleaseB.comfortC.beatD.disturb\n3.A.dreamB.lessonC.theoryD.sign4.A.overjoyedB.disappointedC.puzzledD.interested5.A.terribleB.memorableC.dangerousD.popular6.A.attackingB.smilingC.pausingD.escaping7.A.patienceB.timeC.energyD.wisdom8.A.OnceB.UntilC.BeforeD.Unless9.A.spiritB.thoughtC.commentD.behavior10.A.proudB.stupidC.brightD.lazy【答案】1.A2.C3.D4.A5.B6.A7.B8.C9.D10.B第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Theworldmistakenly____11____(undervalue)vocationaltrainingwhenitshouldbegrateful!Itdoesn’tmatterhowskilledadesignerisiftheycannotbuild____12____theydesign.Itisthecommonlaborerandskilledtradesmanthatdoesthatandwhenitneedsrepairorrebuilding,itistheskilledtradesmanthatdoesthat.Sure,today’sEVvehiclesaregreat____13____thedesignercan’tassemblethemorfixthem.Whenitbreaksdownandleavesyoustranded,thedesignersareuseless!Youneedaskilledtradesmantofixit.【答案】11.undervalues12.what13.butB阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Thefirstdayofschoolbeganonabrightnoteforateacherwhowasglancingovertheclassroll.Aftereachstudent’snamewasanumber,suchas138,140,154andsoon.“LookattheseIQs,”shethoughtto____14____(she).“They’vegivenmeaterrificclass.”Asaresult,theelatedteacherworkedharderwiththisclassthanwithherothers.Shetriednew____15____(innovation)thatshethoughtwouldchallengethemandholdtheirinterest.Anditworked.Theclassdidmuchbetterthananyofher\notherclasses,____16____shehadtaughtintheusualway.Onlylaterdidshefindoutthatthefiguresaftereachpupil’snamestoodfortheirlockernumbers.【答案】14.herself15.innovations16.whichC阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Inthe1970s,peoplewhomanagedpondsinAmericahadaproblem____17____plantsandsnailsinthewater.____18____(control)thepests,themanagersbroughtfourspeciesofcarp,atypeoffish,fromAsia.Butsomeofthefish____19____(escape)intoriversandotherwaterways.Soon,therewerelotsoffish.Andtheybecametroublesomeinvasivespecies.Thesenon-nativefishcanbullyecosystems,quicklytakingover.____20____(grow)fastandbig,theyatelotsofthefoodonwhichthenativefishwouldnormallydepend.【答案】17.with18.Tocontrol19.escaped20.Growing第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并按要求将答案提交到对应问卷链接。ATorequestSmileCards,pleasefillouttheformbelow.Avolunteerwillmailyouanorderoftencardswithintwoweeks.SmileCardsareofferedtoanyonewhorequeststhemonapay-it-forwardbasis.Thatmeansthereisnochargeforasetofcards.Someonebeforeyouhaspaidforyourcards,\nandyouareinvitedtokeepthechaingoingandpay-forwardwhateveryouwishforthenextperson!Forspecialeventsorcircumstances,youcanalsoplacealargequantityofrequest.Note:WhenusingaSmileCard,remembernottojusthanditoutbyitself.TheideaistodosomethingkindforsomeoneandthenleavetheSmileCardbehind,sothattheyknowsomeonereachedouttothem,andthattheyareinvitedtopay-forwardthekindnessandkeeptheripplesgoing!PLACESMILECARDORDERNOWABOUTUSKindSpringisaplacetopracticesmallactsof"kindness.ForoveradecadetheKindSpringusercommunityhasfocusedoninnertransformation,whilecollectivelychangingtheworldwithgenerosity,gratitude,andtrust.Thesiteis100%volunteer-runandtotallynon-commercial.Itisasharedlaboroflove.21.Whencanyouuseasmilecard?A.Yourfriend'sbirthdayisapproaching.B.Yourclassmatehaswonthefirstprize.C.You'veorderedlunchforapoorfriend.D.Youfindyourclassmateinlowspirits.22.Toordersmilecards,youhaveto____________.A.payfortheminadvanceB.placeabigquantityofrequestC.mailsomenecessaryinformationD.tellwhatfavoryouwilldoforothers23.Thepurposeofusingsmilecardsistoencouragepeopleto________________.\nA.spreadkindnessB.becomevolunteersC.advertiseforKindSpringD.payothers'kindnessback【答案】21.C22.D23.ABIsthereamagiccutoffperiodwhenchildrenbecomeresponsiblefortheirownactions?Isthereawonderfulmomentwhenparentscanbecomespectatorsinthelivesoftheirchildrenandshrug,“It’stheirlife,”andfeelnothing?WhenIwasinmytwenties,Istoodinahospitalpassagewaitingfordoctorstoputafewstitches(缝线)inmyson’shead.Iasked,“Whendoyoustopworry?”Thenursesaid,“Whentheygetoutoftheaccidentstage.”Mymotherjustsmiledfaintlyandsaidnothing.WhenIwasinmythirties,Isatonalittlechairinaclassroomandheardhowoneofmychildrentalkedcontinuallyanddisruptedtheclass.Asiftoreadmymind,ateachersaid.“Don’tworry,theyallgothroughthisstageandthenyoucansitback,relaxandenjoythem.”Mymotherjustsmiledfaintlyandsaidnothing.WhenIwasinmyfortiesIspentalifetimewaitingforthephonetoring,thecarstocomehome,thefrontdoortoopen.Afriendsaid,“They’retryingtofindthemselves.Don’tworry,inafewyears,youcanstopworrying.They’lladults.”Mymotherjustsmiledfaintlyandsaidnothing.BythetimeIwas50,Iwassickandtiredofbeingweak.Iwasstillworryingovermychildren,buttherewasanewwrinkle,therewasnothingIcoulddoaboutit.Mymotherjustsmiledfaintlyandsaidnothing.Icontinuedtosufferfromtheirfailures,andbeabsorbedintheirdisappointments.Myfriendssaidthatwhenmykidsgotmarried,Icouldstopworryingandleadmyownlife.Iwantedtobelievethat,butIwashauntedbymymother’swarmsmileandheroccasional“Youlookpale.Areyouallright?Callmetheminuteyougethome.Areyoudepressedaboutsomething?”Canitbethatparentsaresentencedtoalifetimeofworry?Oneofmychildrentelephonedmelastmonth,saying,“Wherewereyou?I’vebeencallingfor\nthreedays,andnooneanswered.Iwasworried.”Ismiledawarmsmile.24.Theauthorintendstotellusinthepassagethat________.A.parentslongforaperiodwhentheynolongerworryabouttheirchildrenB.thereisnotimewhenparentshavenoworryabouttheirchildrenC.it’sparents’dutytoworryabouttheirchildrenD.parentsdon’thavetoworrytheirchildren25.Theauthormentionedheragesoftwenties,thirties,fortiesandfiftyinordertoshow________.A.thehardtimessheexperiencedinherlifeB.thedifferentstagesofherchildrenC.shehadbeenworryingaboutherchildreninherlifeD.thesupportshereceivedfromhermother26.Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentence“Ismiledawarmsmile”?A.Finallythemotherdidn’thavetoworryaboutherchildren.B.Themotherwaspleasedthatherchildbegantoworryabouther,too.C.Atlastthemothercouldliveherownlifewithoutworry.D.Themotherfeltsatisfiedthatshehadsucceededinturningherchildrenintoadults.【答案】24.B25.C26.BCTheartoffabricdyeingisanancientonedatingbackto3500BC.Overthecenturieswehumanshavesoughttobrightenourappearancewithclothingthatreflectsthevibrantnaturalcoloursseeninnature,andmanycolourantswereoriginallysourcedfromthenaturalworldaroundus.Wastechemicalsfromthedyesthemselvesareoftenhighlytoxic—Azodyeswhichaccountfor60-70percentofalldyesusedbecometoxicwhenbrokendownandmetabolized—andthefixingagentsusedwhichcancontainformaldehydandchlorinecompounds,arenobetter,withlinkstoallergiesandcancer,notonlyhazardoustohumansbutalsototheenvironment.Whensyntheticdyeswerediscoveredin1856anevengreaterarrayofcoloursbecamepossible,andwiththeadventoftheindustrialrevolutionthefabricindustryboomed.Inthemodernage,consumerdemandfuelsthefashionhousesandcolourisking:butthedyeingoffabricscomesataprice.\nIntotalover8000chemicalshavebeenidentifiedasbeingusedinthedyeingprocess,manyofwhichhavebeennotedashazardoustohealth.Addtothisthevastamountofwaterrequiredforthedyeingprocessinwhichhugewaterbathsareneededateverystageoftheprocessandwecanseewhytheindustryisoneofthemostenvironmentallydamagingonearth,responsibleforatleast17-20percentoftotalwaterpollution.Soisthereanotherway?WellsyntheticbiologistOrrYarkonicertainlythinksso.HiscompanyColorifixhavepioneeredanewtechniquewhichbypassestraditionaldyeingtechniquesinfavourofanapproachbasedonnature’sownmethods.Ratherthanfightingnaturehebelievesweneedtotapintoitinordertosolvethecomplexenvironmentalissuesthatchallengeustoday.“Colorifixisverymuchinspiredfromnature”hesays,“naturehascreatedawholepaletteofcoloursthatweseeonadailybasis”.Sourcingcoloursfromarangeofnaturalpigments,hethenengineersmicroorganismsusingDNAtoconvertagriculturalby-productsintodyes.Whenthemicroorganismsburst,they“fix”thecolourtothefabric,thusreducingtheneedformassiveamountsofwater.Theorganismsthemselvescanbegrown,orfermented,oncetheDNAcodeforthenecessarycolouranthasbeenimplantedandthisnaturalreproductionisfastandefficient.Overallthewholeprocessuseslesswater,produceslesswaste,andneedsfarlesschemicals.Anewwayforwardinspiredbynature.27.Accordingtothepassage,dyeingfabricscomesatapricebecause________.A.ThedyeingmaterialsarepoisonousBThedyeingmaterialsareratherexpensiveC.ThedyeingprocesspollutestheenvironmentD.Thedyeingprocessneedsplentyofwater28.WhatisafeatureofthedyeingtechniqueproposedbyColorifix?A.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.B.Ittakesalongertimetoacquirerawmaterials.C.Itemploysnaturalcolorwhichdoesnotstaylong.D.Itneedslesswaterbutproducespoisonouspollutants.29.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Thedyeingprocesscanbepollutionfree.\nB.Dyeingfabricscausesthemainpollutants.C.Thecolorofnatureonlycomesfromplants.D.Humanhasalonghistoryofpursuingbeautiful“color”.30.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BreathinglifeintoadyeingartB.Historyofdyeingindustry.C.Unknowndangerbehinddyeing.D.Colorcomeswithaprice.【答案】27.C28.A29.D30.ADBlindimitationisself-destruction.Tothosewhodonotrecognizetheiruniqueworth,imitationappearsattractive;tothosewhoknowtheirstrength,imitationisunacceptable.Intheearlystagesofskillorcharacterdevelopment,imitationishelpful.WhenIfirstlearnedtocook,Iusedrecipesandturnedoutsometastydishes.ButsoonIgrewbored.Whyfollowsomeoneelse’swayofcookingwhenIcouldcreatemyown?Imitatingrolemodelsislikeusingtrainingwheelsonachild’sbicycle;theyhelpyougetgoing,butonceyoufindyourownbalance,youflyfasterandfartherwithoutrelyingonthem.Indailylife,imitationcanhurtusifwesubconsciously(下意识地)holdpoorrolemodels.If,asachild,youobservedpeoplewhoseliveswerebad,youmayhaveacceptedtheirfearandpainasnormalandgoneontofollowwhattheydid.Ifyoudonotmakestrongchoicesforyourself,youwillgettheresultsoftheweakchoicesofothers.Inthefieldofentertainment,ourcultureglorifiescelebrities.Thosestarslookgreatonscreen.Butwhentheystepoffscreen,theirpersonallivesmaybedisastrous.Ifyouaregoingtofollowsomeone,focusontheirtalent,nottheirbadcharacterorunacceptablebehaviors.Blessedisthepersonwillingtoactontheirsuddendesiretocreatesomethingunique.Thinkofthemovies,books,teachers,andfriendsthathaveaffectedyoumostdeeply.Theytouchedyoubecausetheircreationsweremotivatedbyinspiration,notdesperation.Theworldischangednotbythosewhodowhathasbeendonebeforethem,butbythosewhodowhathasbeendoneinsidethem.Creativepeoplehaveanendlessresourceofideas.Theproblemacreatorfacesisnotrunningoutofmaterial;itiswhattodowiththematerialknockingatthedoorofimagination.Studyyourrolemodelsacceptthegiftstheyhavegiven,andleavebehindwhatdoesnotserve.\nThenyoucansay,“Istandontheshouldersofmyancestors’tragediesanddeclarevictory,andknowthattheyarecheeringon.”31.Imitationprovesusefulwhenyou________.AknowyouareuniqueB.losethebalanceoflifeC.begintolearnsomethingnewD.gettiredofroutinepractice32.Accordingtotheauthor,theworldmovesonbecauseofthosewhoare________.A.desperatetoinfluenceotherswiththeirknowledgeB.readytoturntheiroriginalideasintorealityC.eagertodiscoverwhattheirancestorsdidD.willingtoacceptothers’ideas33.Thetroubleacreatorfacesis________.A.thelackofstrongmotivationB.theabsenceofpracticalideasC.howtosearchformorematerialsD.howtouseimaginationcreatively34.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofcreativity.B.Tocriticizethecharactersofrolemodels.C.Tocompareimitationwithcreation.D.Toexplainthemeaningofsuccess.【答案】31.C32.B33.D34.A第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatexactlyisalie?Isitanythingwesaywhichweknowisuntrue?____35____Forexample,supposeafriendwantstoborrowsomemoneyfromyou.Yousay,“IwishIcouldhelpyoubutI’mshortofmoneymyself.”Infact,youarenotshortofmoneybutyourfriendisinthehabitofnotpaying\nhisdebtsandyoudon’twanttohurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.Isthisreallyalie?ProfessorJeraldJellisonoftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniahasmadeascientificstudyoflying.Accordingtohim,womenarebetterliarsthanmen,particularlywhentellinga“whitelie”,suchaswhenawomanatapartytellsanotherwomanthatshelikesherdresswhenshereallythinksitlooksterrible.____36____Otherresearcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellseriouslies,suchasmakingapromisewhichtheyhavenointentionofcarryingout.Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmenaresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgaininsomeday.____37____Ithasbeenfoundthatiftheyaresittingdownatthetime,theytendtomoveaboutintheirchairsmorethanusual.Tothetrainedobservertheyaresaying“IwishIweresomewhereelsenow.”Theyalsotendtotouchcertainpartsofthefacemoreoften,inparticularthenose.Oneexplanationofthismaybethatlyingcausesaslightincreaseinbloodpressure.____38____AnothergesturewhichgivesliarsawayiswhatthewriterDesmondMorrisinhisbookManWatchingcalls“themouthcover”.Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalforms,suchascoveringpartofthemouthwithfingers,touchingtheupper-liporputtingafingerofthehandatonesideofthemouth.____39____Ofcourse,suchgesturesasrubbingthenoseorcoveringthemouth,ormovingaboutinachaircannotbetakenasproofthatthespeakerislying.Theysimplytendtooccurmorefrequentlyinthissituation.Itisnotonegesturealonethatgivestheliarawaybutawholenumberofthings,andinparticularthecontextinwhichthelieistold.A.However,thisisonlyonesideofthestory.B.Orisitsomethingworsethanwhatitreallyis?C.A“whitelie”appearstobealiethatthetellertellstoprofitorgainsomeadvantagefromit.D.Thetipofthenoseisverysensitivetosuchchangesandtheincreasedpressuremakesititch(痒).E.Whypeoplesometimescovertheirmouthswhilelyingisthattheywishthosewordshadnotcomeoutoftheirmouths.F.Suchagesturecanbeunderstoodasanunconsciousattemptonthepartoftheliartostophimselforherselffromlying.G.Researchhasalsostudiedthewaypeople’sbehaviorchangesinanumberofsmall,apparentlyunimportantwayswhentheylie.【答案】35.B36.A37.G38.D39.F\n第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。FormillionsofFacebookusers,choosingwhichphototouseforanonlineprofileisanimportantdecision.AccordingtoastudybyresearchersattheUTDallasCenter,thephotosweselectmayreflectindividualpreferences,buttheyalsoappeartoreflectmoredeeplyrooted,unconsciousculturaldifferences.Previousresearchhasshownthatculturecanaffectnotonlylanguageandcustom,but7alsohowweexperiencetheworldandprocessinformation.Westerncultures,forexample,conditionpeopletothinkofthemselvesashighlyindependententities(实体),whereasEastAsianculturesstresscollectivismandinterdependence.Dr.DenisePark,co-directoroftheCenteratUTDallas,andformergraduatestudentDr.Chih-MaoHuangoftheUniversityofIllinois,werecuriousaboutwhetherthesepatternsofculturalinfluenceextendtocyberspace.InapaperpublishedintheInternationalJournalofPsychology,theyexaminedtheprofilephotographsofmorethan500activeFacebookusersfromtheUnitedStatesandEastAsia.Overall,theyfoundthatprofilephotosofAmericansaremorelikelytofocusontheindividual’sface,whiletheprofilesofEastAsianstendtolessemphasizethefaceandincludemorebackgroundfeatures.AmericansalsoshowgreatersmileintensitycomparedtoEastAsianFacebookusers.ThefindingsshowmarkedculturaldifferencesinthefocusofattentionamongEastAsianandAmericanFacebookusers.Moreover,theyechopreviousresearchonculturalinfluencesonvisualperception(感知),attention,andreasoningintheofflineworld.“WebelievethesefindingsrelatetoaculturalbiastobemoreindividualisticandindependentintheUSandmorecommunalandinterdependentinAsia,”saidPark.Theresearchalsofoundthatculturalinfluencesoverourself-presentationonlinecanshiftovertimeandfromplacetoplace.Inoneofthestudysamples,AmericansstudyinginJapanandJapanesestudyingintheUnitedStatesbothshowedatendencytoadjusttheirprofilephotostothegeneralpreferencesoftheirhostcountry.“Facebookconstitutesanextendedsocialcontextinwhichpersonalprofilesmirrorvariousindividualcharacteristics,privatethoughts,andsocialbehaviors,”notedHuang.“Assuch,thestudy\npresentsanewapproachtoinvestigatecognitionandbehaviorsacrossculturesbyusingFacebookasadatacollectionplatform.”40.Whatmayanonlineprofilephotoreflect?41.Accordingtotheresearch,howareAmericanandEastAsianFacebookusersdifferentinchoosingtheirprofilephotos?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Inoneofthestudysamples,AmericansstudyinginJapanshowedatendencytoadjusttheirprofilephotostothegeneralpreferencesofAmerica.43.Apartfromculturaldifferences,whatotherfactorsmightinfluenceone’schoiceofprofilephotoonsocialmedia?【答案】40.Itmayreflectindividualpreferencesandmoredeeplyrooted,unconsciousculturaldifferences.41.FacebookusersinAmericaaremorelikelytouseprofilephotosthatfocusontheirfaces,whilethephotosofEastAsianstendtolessemphasizethefaceandincludemorebackgroundfeatures.AmericansalsoshowgreatersmileintensitycomparedtoEastAsianFacebookusers.42.Inoneofthestudysamples,AmericansstudyinginJapanshowedatendencytoadjusttheirprofilephotostothegeneralpreferencesofAmerica.AmericansstudyinginJapanshowedatendencytoadjusttheirprofilephotostothegeneralpreferencesoftheirhostcountrybecausethecultureoftheirhostcountryhasaninfluenceontheirself-presentationonline.43.Ithinkapartfromculturaldifferences,ageandone’sworkingareamayaffectone’schoiceofprofilephotosonsocialmedia.第二节（20分）44.假如你是李华，请你给你班交换生Jim写封信邀请他在即将举行的线上毕业典礼上发言，内容包括：1.介绍毕业典礼（时间、平台、流程等）；2.邀请他发言并说明注意事项。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,\n__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearJim,IamwritingtoinviteyoutospeakattheonlinegraduationceremonytobeheldonDingTalkplatformat3:30p.m.thisWednesday.Firstofall,wewillenjoyavideotogethersothatwecanreviewourpreciousmomentsinourschoollife.Then,thehostwillintroducetheleaderswhowillattendthegraduationceremonyandannouncethecommencement.Ihopeyoucanspeakonbehalfofexchangestudentsandintroduceyourachievementsinthepastthreeyears.Pleasenotethatyouneedturnonyourmicrophonebeforeyoustartandturnitoffafteryoufinish.Thespeechtimeshouldnotexceedfiveminutes.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.