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人教版(2019)高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit 1单元综合能力测试卷(Word版,含答案)

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人教版(2019)高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit1单元综合能力测试卷时间:100分钟   满分:120分 选择题部分第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AOnemorning,morethanahundredyearsago,anAmericaninventorcalledEliasHowefinallyfellasleep.Hehadbeenworkingallnightonthedesignofasewingmachinebuthehadrunintoaverydifficultproblem:Itseemedimpossibletogetthethreadtorunsmoothlyaroundtheneedle.Thoughhewastired,Howesleptbadly.Heturnedandturned.Thenhehadadream.Hedreamtthathehadbeencaughtbyterriblesavageswhosekingwantedtokillhimandeathimunlesshecouldbuildaperfectsewingmachine.Whenhetriedtodoso,Howeranintothesameproblemasbefore.Thethreadkeptgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle.ThekingflewintothecageandorderedhissoldierstokillHowe.Theycameuptowardshimwiththeirspearsraised.Butsuddenlytheinventornoticedsomething.Therewasaholeinthetipofeachspear.Theinventorawokefromthedream,realizingthathehadjustfoundtheanswertotheproblem.Insteadoftryingtogetthethreadtorunaroundtheneedle,heshouldmakeitrunthroughasmallholeinthecentreoftheneedle.ThiswasthesimpleideathatfinallymadeHowedesignandbuildthefirstreallypractisedsewingmachine.EliasHowewasnottheonlyoneinfindingtheanswertohisprobleminthisway.ThomasEdison,theinventoroftheelectriclight,saidhisbestideascameintohimindreams.SodidthegreatphysicistAlbertEinstein.CharlotteBrontealsodrewinherdreamsinwritingJaneEyre.Toknowthevalueofdreams,youhavetounderstandwhathappenswhenyouareasleep.Eventhen,apartofyourmindisstillworking.Thisunconscious(无意识的),butstillactivepartunderstandsyourexperiencesandgoestoworkontheproblemsyouhavehadduringtheday.Itstoresallsortsofinformationthatyoumayhaveforgottenorneverhavereallynoticed.Itisonlywhenyoufallasleepthatthispartof第13页共13页,thebraincansendmessagestothepartyouusewhenyouareawake.However,theunconsciouspartactsinaspecialway.Itusesstrangeimageswhichtheconsciouspartmaynotunderstandatfirst.Thisiswhydreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestoourselves”.1.TheproblemHowewastryingtosolvewas.A.whatkindofthreadtouseB.howtodesignaneedlewhichwouldnotbreakC.wheretoputtheneedleD.howtopreventthethreadfromgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle2.ThomasEdisonisspokenofbecause.A.healsotriedtoinventasewingmachineB.hegotsomeofhisideasfromdreamsC.hewasoneofHowe'sbestfriendsD.healsohaddifficultyinfallingasleep3.Dreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestoourselves”because.A.strangeimagesareusedtocommunicateideasB.imageswhichhavenomeaningareusedC.wecanneverunderstandtherealmeaningD.onlyspeciallytrainedpeoplecanunderstandthemBHereareafewthingstowatchoutforwhenyoumovesomewhereneworarereturninghomeafteralongtimeaway.Becarefulontheroad!ThefirstthingthatIdidwhenIgotoutoftheairportwastocrosstheroad,butIlookedthewrongway!IntheUKthecarsdriveonthelefthandsideoftheroadwhereasinSpaintheydriveontheright.IalmostgotrunoverbecauseIwasstillthinkingIwasinSpain.Youhavetobeverycareful.There'sanotherstrangeonefromtravellingontheroad.InMallorca,mostofthetime,pedestrians(行人)cancrosstheroadbywalkingontheroadwithoutstoppingandthecarwillstopforthem.IntheUK,however,youhavetobecarefultowaitfor第13页共13页,thecarstostoporelseyoumightendupinthehospitalveryquickly!Drinkwater.InSpain,mostpeoplebuylargebottlesofwatertodrink.IntheUKthefiltering(过滤)ofthewatermeansthatyoucandrinkstraightfromthetap.OnmyfirstnightbackIforgotthatIcoulddrinkwaterfromthetapsandspentthenightwishingIhadabottleofwater.WhenIwokeup,IrealizedhowsillyIhadbeen.Timeisdifferent.InSpainthereisasmallbreakduringthedaytohaveanapfortherestoftheday.YoualsomightonlythinkaboutgoingoutforadrinkwithfriendsinSpainat11p.m.IntheUKthatisalreadypastthebedtime!4.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A.TheauthorisusedtolivinginSpain.B.TheauthorhopestoreturntoMallorcasoon.C.Theauthordoesn'tlikethelifeintheUKatall.D.Theauthorcan'tlookafterhimselfwell.5.WhywastheauthoralmostrunoverintheUK?A.Hewascrossinganunfamiliarroad.B.Hewasthinkinginthemiddleoftheroad.C.Hewaslookingthewrongwayontheroad.D.Hewasrunningontherighthandsideoftheroad.6.ComparedwiththetrafficintheUK,trafficinMallorcaforpedestriansismore.A.dangerousB.importantC.crowdedD.secure7.Onthefirstnightbackhome,theauthor.A.dranksomewaterfromthetapB.hadabigmealinarestaurantC.boughtabottleofwaterD.didn'tdrinkwateratallCFlorenceNightingalewasborninarichfamily.Whenshewasyoung,shetook第13页共13页,lessonsinmusicanddrawing,andreadgreatbooks.Shealsotravelledagreatdealwithhermotherandfather.Asachild,shefeltthatvisitingsickpeoplewasbothadutyandapleasure.Sheenjoyedhelpingthem.Atlast,hermindwasmadeup.“I'mgoingtobeanurse,”shedecided.“Nursingisn'ttherightworkforalady,”herfathertoldher.“ThenIwillmakeitso,”shesmiled.AndshewenttolearnnursinginGermanyandFrance.WhenshereturnedtoEngland,Florencestartedanursinghomeforwomen.DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854,shewentwithagroupofthirtyeightnursestothefronthospital.Whattheysawtherewasterrible.Dirtanddeathwereeverywheretobeseenandsmelled.Theofficertheredidnotwantanywomantotellhimhowtorunahospital,either.Butthebravenurseswenttowork.Florenceusedherownmoneyandsomefromfriendstobuyclothes,beds,medicinesandfoodforthemen.Heronlypaywasthesmilesfromthelipsofdyingsoldiers.Buttheyweremorethanenoughforthiskindwoman.Afterwar,shereturnedtoEnglandandwashonouredforherservicebyQueenVictoria.ButFlorencesaidthatherworkhadjustbegun.SheraisedmoneytobuildtheNightingaleHomeforNursesinLondon.Shealsowroteabookonpublichealth,whichwasprintedinseveralcountries.FlorenceNightingalepassedawayattheageofninety,stilltryingtoserveothersthroughherworkasanurse.Indeed,itisbecauseofherthatwehonournursestoday.8.DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854,Florenceservedinthefronthospitalwhere.A.sheearnedalotofmoneyB.workwasverydifficultC.fewsoldiersdiedbecauseofherworkD.shedidn'thaveenoughfoodandclothes9.WhywasFlorencehonouredbyQueenVictoria?A.BecauseshebuilttheNightingaleHomeforNurses.B.Becauseofheroldage.第13页共13页,C.Becausesheworkedasanurseallherlife.D.BecauseshedidagreatdealofworkduringtheCrimeanWar.10.Thepassagecanbebestdescribedas.A.thelifestoryofafamouswomanB.adescriptionofthenursingworkC.anexampleofsuccessfuleducationD.thehistoryofnursinginEngland11.Whenshewasachild,Florence.A.wroteabookonpublichealthB.knewwhatherdutyinlifewasC.lovedtohelpthesickpeopleD.wasmostinterestedinmusicanddrawingDJohnvonNeumannwastheoldestof3childrenofabanker,andhisspeedoflearningnewideasandofsolvingproblemsstoodoutearly.At17,hisfathertriedtopersuadehimnottobecomeamathematicianbecausehemayleadapoorlifebeingamathematician,andsovonNeumannagreedtostudychemistryaswell.In1926,at23,hereceivedadegreeinchemicalengineeringandaPh.D.inmathematics.Fromthenon,mathematicsprovidedwellenoughforhim,andheneverhadtoturntochemistry.In1930,vonNeumannvisitedPrincetonUniversityforayearandthenbecameaprofessorthere.Hisfirstbookwaspublishedin1932.In1933,theInstituteforAdvancedStudywasformed,andhebecameoneofthe6fulltimepeople(Einsteinwasoneoftheothers)intheSchoolofMathematics.WorldWarⅡhugelychangedvonNeumann'sareasofinterest.Until1940hehadbeenagreatpure(纯粹的)mathematician.Duringandafterthewar,hebecameoneofthebestmathematicianswhoputmathematicstheoriesintopractice.Duringthelastpartofthewarhebecameinterestedincomputingmachinesandmadeseveralfundamentalcontributions.Afterthewar,vonNeumanncontinuedhisworkwithcomputers,andwasgenerallyveryactiveingovernmentservice.Hereceivedmanyawards,waspresidentoftheAmericanMathematicalSocietyandwasamemberof第13页共13页,theAtomicEnergyCommission.Hediedin1957ofcancer.VonNeumannmadeseveralgreatcontributionsandanyoneofthemwouldhavebeenenoughtoearnhimafirmplacehistory.Hewillberememberedasoneofthegreatestmindsofthe20thcentury.VonNeumannreallywasalegend(传奇)inhisowntime,andthereareanumberofstoriesabouthim.Hisdrivingabilityisapartofthislegend.Hereportedoneaccidentthisway,“Iwasdrivingdowntheroad.Thetreesontherightwerepassingmeinanorderlyfashionat60milesperhour.Suddenlyoneofthemsteppedinmypath.”12.VonNeumannpublishedhisfirstbookattheageof.A.23  B.26  C.29  D.3213.HowdidWorldWarⅡaffectJohnvonNeumann?A.Herealizedtheimportanceofengineering.B.Hebegantoresearchhowtoputmathematicsintopractice.C.Heleftcollegeandservedatthegovernmentdepartment.D.Helostinterestinchemistry.14.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofvonNeumann?A.Hehadthreechildren.B.Hediedfromanaccident.C.Hereceivedmanyawardsinhislife.D.HeandEinsteinwereclassmatesinPrincetonUniversity.15.Accordingtothetext,vonNeumann'sfatherbelievedthat.A.amathematiciancouldn'tearnalotofmoneyB.amathematicianneededagoodmemoryC.vonNeumannhadtheabilitytolearntwosubjectsatthesametimeD.vonNeumannhadagiftforsolvingproblemsatahighspeed第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Noonelikestofail.Whetherit'satwork,athome,orinanotherareaofyourlife,failureispainfulanditcanalsobecostlyintermsoftime,money,orboth.1第13页共13页,Ifyouneversufferafailure,thenyou'reprobablynotpushingyourselftoyourfullpotential.Thefollowingaresometipsonhowtopickyourselfupafteryou'vefailed.Rememberthatotherpeoplefailtoo.2They'lltellyouaboutthatgreatnewcontracttheysigned,notthedealthatfailedeventuallythoughtheyworkedonitformonths.Butfailureisnormal,andlotsofpeoplefailtimeandtimeagainbeforemeetingwithsuccess.Remindyourselfofyourpastsuccesses.Failingdoesn'tmeanthatyou'reworthless,orthatyou'llneverachievethethingsyouwant.3Maybeyouhadhighmarkslastterm,oryoulostweight,oryoulearnedtoplayamusicalinstrument.Youmightwanttowritedownalistofsuccesses—thingsthatyou'veaccomplishedoverthepastfewyears,whetherbigorsmall.Ifyoueverlackconfidence,youcangobackandreadoverthatlist.4Yourpastsuccessesareimportant,butsoareyourpastfailures.You'vemademistakesbefore,andyou'vesurvivedthem.Perhapsyoudidbadlyinanexam,orlostyourtemperandhadtoapologize.It'snotfuntothinkaboutthetimeswhenthingswentwrong,butbyacknowledgingyourfailures,youcanremindyourselfthattodayisnodifferent.Justasyourecoveredinthepast,youcanrecoverfromyourrecentfailuretoo.5Whateverwentwrong,you'reprobablyfacingsomesortofdecision.Don'trushintomakinghastydecision,butdolookforaforwardpath.Thatmightrequiresomedeepthinking.A.Makeadecision.B.Limitthedamagecaused.C.Remindyourselfofyourpastfailures.D.However,failureisanormalpartoflife.E.Getsomeadviceandsupportfromothers.F.Mostpeopledon'ttalkopenlyabouttheirfailures.G.Thinkofallthetimesinthepastwhenyou'vesucceeded.第三部分 语言运用(共三节,满分40分)第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)第13页共13页,阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Doyouthinkyouhavewhatittakestobeasuccessfulscientist?Asuccessfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull1ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn'tacceptideaswhicharenotbasedonobviousfacts,andtherefore2toacceptauthorityastheonlyreasonfortruth.Healwayschecksideas3andmakesexperimentstoprovethem.Theriseofmodernsciencemayperhapsbeconsideredto4asfarbackasthetimeofRogerBacon,thewonderfulphilosopherofOxford,wholivedbetweentheyears1214and1292.HewasprobablythefirstintheMiddleAgesto5thatweshouldlearnsciencebyobservingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus,andhehimself6manyimportanttruths.Galileo(1564-1642),however,wholivedmorethan300yearslater,wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmeninItaly,France,Germany,andEngland,7begantoshowhowmanyimportanttruthscouldbediscoveredbyobservationbydegrees.BeforeGalileo,learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore8towardstheearththansmallones,9Aristotlesaidso.ButGalileo,goingtothetopoftheLeaningTowerofPisa,letfalltwo10stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItisGalileo's11ofgoingdirecttonature,andprovingouropinionsandtheoriesbyexperiment,thathas12allthediscoveriesofmodernscience.What13thosepeoplegoodscientists?FromtheexampleofGalileo,weknow14thatsuccessfulscientistsarethosewhoseobservationshave15betterresults.1.A.use  B.senseC.speedD.trust2.A.refusesB.desiresC.intendsD.regrets3.A.casuallyB.carefullyC.quicklyD.privately4.A.dateB.keepC.lookD.come5.A.commandB.suspect第13页共13页,C.suggestD.conclude6.A.broughtB.discoveredC.handledD.announced7.A.whoB.whenC.thatD.where8.A.slowlyB.rapidlyC.lightlyD.heavily9.A.althoughB.becauseC.whenD.if10.A.bigB.smallC.similarD.unequal11.A.spiritB.skillC.theoryD.wish12.A.ledtoB.turnedtoC.setupD.putforward13.A.makesB.preventsC.considersD.promises14.A.likelyB.clearlyC.naturallyD.unwillingly15.A.foreseenB.rejectedC.producedD.challenged非选择题部分第二节语篇语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。DearDad,Onthisdateofyour50thbirthday,MomgavemetheletteryouwrotetomewhenIwasborn18yearsago.Inyourletter,you1.(wish)metobestrongmindedandsuccessful.Youwerelookingforwardto2.(see)mefightformyfuturebravelyanddowellfor3.(me)andothers.第13页共13页,Afterreadingthisletter,Ifeelquite4.(shock)atyour5.(expect)onme.Ialsofeelshamedofnothavingperformedwell6.(meet)yourdemand.IstillrememberwhenIwasinprimaryschool,Ifailedtoapplymyselftostudying.Iwasaddictedtocomputergames.Asaconsequence,Isoonbecamethelastoneinmyclass.Youdidn'tabusemeatall.7.thecontrary,youtaughtmethatstudyingwasthemostimportantobjectatthemomentandencouragedmetostudyhard.Only8.IreadyourletterdidIrealizethatIbehavedsobadlyatthattimeandyouweresosadtoseeIdidn'tdowellformyself.Ican'thelpexpressingmygratitudeandsendingmybestwishestoyou.Wishyou9.(health)andhappy.IpromisethatIwillsparenoefforttosatisfyyourdemandofbeing10.braveandsuccessfulperson.第四部分 写作(满分40分)第一节应用文写作(15分)每年,国家科学技术奖励大会都会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行,届时党和国家领导人会为获奖的科学家颁奖。请你围绕以下要点谈谈你的个人看法。1.党和政府为什么如此重视科技事业的发展;2.作为一名高中生,你应该如何去做。注意:1.词数80左右;2.短文要求包含所有要点,但不要逐条翻译;3.可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯;4.开头已为你写好,但不计入总词数。Everyyear,theNationalScienceTechnologyAwardCeremonyisheldintheGreatHallofthePeople.第二节故事续写(25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。TheeventthatstandsoutinTom'smemoryhappenedonemorningwhenTom第13页共13页,wasonlytenyearsold.HewasathomewithhiseldersisterJane.Tomwasdoinghishomeworkwhenheheardraisedvoices.Atfirsthethoughtnothingofitsincecustomersinthemotorcycleshopdirectlybelowtheirflatoftenbecameloud,buthesoonrealizedthistimeitwasdifferent.“Quick!Quick!Removethemotorcyclesfromtheshop.”someoneshouted.Thenathickburningsmellfilledtheair.WhenTomopenedthefrontdooroftheirflattoinvestigate,athickcloudofsmokegreetedhim.Themotorcycleshophadcaughtfireandpeoplewererunningandcrying.Jane,whohadbeenplayingtheviolininherroom,hurriedtothelivingroom.Theyrushedoutofthedoorandalongthecorridor(走廊)throughthesmoke.TheywereheadingtowardsthestairwayatthefarendofthecorridorwhenJanesuddenlystoppedinhertrack.Sheturnedaroundandheadedbackthewaytheycame.Tomhadnoideawhatshewasdoing,buthefollowedher.Janehadsuddenlyrememberedtheladyinher70swholivednextdoortothem,whotheycalledMakcik.JanebeganbangingonMakcik'sdoor,butgotnoanswer.Asthesmokethickenedaroundthem,Tomcouldseemanyoftheirneighbors—somestillintheirpajamas(睡衣)—runningforsafety.Thethoughtoffearcrossedhismind.“Shewouldhaverunforsafetylikeeveryoneelse!”Tomcried.However,Janerefusedtogiveup.“IknowMakcik'sstillinside.”ShesaidshewasfamiliarwithMakcik'sdailyroutineandwascertainshewouldstillbesleeping.Shepoundedagainstthedoor.“Godownstairs.Gonow!Go!”Paragraph1:Tomnoticedtheflame(火焰)wasreachingup.Paragraph2:Luckily,someneighborspassingbystoppedandofferedhelp.第13页共13页,参考答案:【阅读理解】A:1-3DBAB:4-7ACDDC:8-11BDACD:12-15CBCA【七选五】1-5DFGCA【完形填空】1-5AABAC6-10BABBD11-15AAABC【语法填空】1.wished2.seeing3.myself4.shocked5.expectation6.tomeet7.On8.when9.healthy10.a【写作】【应用文】Everyyear,theNationalScienceTechnologyAwardCeremonyisheldintheGreatHallofthePeople.Atthattime,thetopleadersofourcountryawardmedalstoscientistswhoachievethosegoals.It'sclearthatthegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetoscienceandtechnology.There'snodoubtthatscienceandtechnologyplayavitalpartinacountry'sdevelopment.Thosewhoreceivetheawardsdeservethembecause,throughyearsofhardwork,theyhavemadeoutstandingcontributionstoourcountry.China第13页共13页,needsmorescientistsandinventorslikethem.Asaseniorschoolstudent,I'lltrymybesttolearnallmysubjectswellsoastoservethesocietyaswellasourcountry.【故事续写】Tomnoticedtheflamewasreachingup.Frozenwithfear,hestoodrootedtothespot.HecomprehendedthegravityofthesituationandheldJane'shandtightly.Bothofthemwerecoughingandtheireyeswerestinging.Timeseemedtostandstill,thoughtheywereprobablythereforonlytwoorthreeminutes.TombeggedJanetorunforsafetyasquicklyaspossible.Janetriedtoshieldhernosefromthechokingsmokeandshookherhead.Shekeptpoundingagainstthedoor.Tomburstoutcrying.Luckily,someneighborspassingbystoppedandofferedhelp.AsenseofstrengthimmediatelyreplacedthemountingfearandanxietyinJane'smind.ShetoldthemMs.Makcikmustbestillintheroom.Theyforcedthedooropenwithalltheirmight.Sureenough,Makcikwaslyinginbed,unconscious.Shewascarrieddownstairsandthenrushedtothehospital,whereshefinallycametoherself.PeopleintheneighborhoodfeltrelievedandJaneandTomwereveryhappy.第13页共13页

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